Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Signs and Effective Treatments

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic pain condition that most often affects an arm or a leg after an injury, surgery, stroke, or heart attack. While the initial event may seem minor, the pain that follows can be severe and long-lasting.

Early diagnosis and treatment of CRPS are essential to improving outcomes and protecting your quality of life. Coastal Spine & Sports Medicine, PLLC, offers comprehensive care for people with CRPS at our fully equipped practice in Wilmington, North Carolina.

Francis Pecoraro, MD, DAPMR, SAAPMR, has years of experience helping people manage CRPS and its symptoms. Dr. Pecoraro and his skilled team focus on the least invasive treatment to keep you active, healthy, and independent.

Understanding CRPS and its cause

CRPS is believed to result from dysfunction within the nervous system. The nerves responsible for transmitting pain signals and regulating blood flow become overactive or misfire. 

This leads to ongoing pain and visible changes in the affected limb, as well as lasting functional limitations.

We specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of two types of CRPS: CRPS Type 1, which occurs without a confirmed nerve injury, and CRPS Type 2, which involves a known nerve injury.

Common warning signs of CRPS

A hallmark symptom of CRPS is persistent pain that feels disproportionate to the original injury. People often describe the pain as burning, throbbing, stabbing, or aching. Even a light touch, such as clothing brushing against your skin, may feel intensely painful.

Other CRPS symptoms can include:

• Swelling in the affected limb
• Changes in skin color, ranging from red to pale or purple
• Temperature differences compared to the opposite limb
• Shiny or thin-looking skin
• Changes in hair and nail growth
• Joint stiffness and decreased range of motion
• Muscle weakness or tremors

Over time, reduced use of your limb due to pain can lead to further stiffness and loss of function. You may find it difficult to take care of yourself and keep up with your responsibilities.

There’s no single test that confirms CRPS. Dr. Pecoraro completes a detailed medical history and physical exam. He may order imaging studies or nerve tests to rule out other conditions that can cause similar symptoms.

Early evaluation is important as prompt treatment can help prevent the progression of CRPS.

Exploring your treatment options for CRPS

CRPS is best managed with a comprehensive and individualized approach. Our custom treatment plans focus on reducing pain, restoring movement, and improving overall function.

Physical therapy

Physical therapy is a cornerstone of CRPS treatment. Gentle, guided exercises improve circulation and prevent muscle loss. Daily exercise at home also keeps your muscles strong and flexible.

Although movement may initially be uncomfortable, consistent therapy can gradually decrease pain and increase mobility.

Medications

Depending on your symptoms, anti-inflammatories, nerve pain medicines, or certain antidepressants can help regulate pain signals.

Interventional treatments

For some people, procedures such as nerve blocks or radiofrequency ablation can help interrupt abnormal pain signals and provide relief. In more persistent cases, advanced therapies like spinal cord stimulation may be an option.

Psychological counseling

Living with chronic pain can affect your mood, sleep, and overall well-being. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and other supportive strategies can help you develop effective coping skills and reduce the emotional burden of chronic pain.

If you’re experiencing severe, persistent pain after an injury or surgery, especially with swelling, skin changes, or temperature differences, it’s important to seek medical attention. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve long-term outcomes.

Contact Coastal Spine & Sports Medicine today to schedule a diagnostic evaluation for CRPS symptoms. Call our office or book an appointment online.